Introduction. Real estate valuation and appraisal are critical processes in Tanzania's property market. Accurate valuations are essential for transactions, financing, investment analysis, and taxation. This article explores the methods used, the role of professional appraisers, and challenges in the Tanzanian context. Valuation methods Comparative market analysis (CMA) CMA involves comparing the property with similar properties that have recently sold in the same area. This method is commonly used for residential properties and relies on market trends and data. Income approach Primarily used for commercial properties, the income approach estimates value based on the income generated by the property. It involves calculating the net operating income (NOI) and applying a capitalization rate. Cost approach This method estimates the value of a property by determining the cost to replace it with a similar one, accounting for depreciation. It's often used for unique p